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% Debian.tex
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% Fork Sand IT Manual
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%
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% Copyright (C) 2018, Fork Sand, Inc.
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% Copyright (C) 2017, Jeff Moe
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% Copyright (C) 2017 Aleph Objects, Inc.
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%
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% This document is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
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% International Public License (CC BY-SA 4.0) by Fork Sand, Inc.
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%
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\section{Debian}
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Debian is a free software \gls{gnulinux} distribution.
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\begin{figure}[!htb]
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=1.10\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{www-debian.png}
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\caption{Debian Website}
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\label{fig:www-debian}
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\end{figure}
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\subsection{Install Debian}
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The Debian servers all get a Minimal + standard utilities + sshd install.
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At present, it is being tested with virtual machines. When deployed, it will
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be set up remotely using HTML5 \gls{ipmi}.
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Install Debian 9 (Stretch).
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\section{Creating Debian Images}
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All cloud services will install various operating system images onto the
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virtual and bare metal machines they sell. Usually these images are old.
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They are also done by the provider, often of marginal quality. Some are
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tuned, and are a bit better done (e.g. Linode). Others are a couple years
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old when booted.
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There are innumerable ways to make images of an operating system to be used.
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Here are some for Debian...
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \texttt{Debian OpenStack Images} --- \url{http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/openstack/current/}
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\item \texttt{bootstrap-vz} --- tool for creating Debian images for cloud platforms (CLI).
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\item \texttt{cdebootstrap} --- Bootstrap a Debian system.
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\item \texttt{debootstick} --- Turn a chroot environment into a bootable image.
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\item \texttt{debootstrap} --- Bootstrap a basic Debian system.
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\item \texttt{grml-debootstrap}- wrapper around debootstrap for installing pure Debian.
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\item \texttt{live-boot} --- Live System Boot Components.
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\item \texttt{live-wrapper} --- Wrapper for vmdebootstrap for creating live images.
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\item \texttt{openstack-debian-images} --- script to build a Debian image for OpenStack.
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\item \texttt{packer} --- tool for creating machine images for multiple platforms.
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\item \texttt{vmdebootstrap} --- Bootstrap Debian into a (virtual machine) disk image.
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\end{itemize}
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\subsection{\texttt{packer}}
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The \texttt{packer} application in Debian looks particularly useful.
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\begin{figure}[!htb]
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=1.10\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{www-packer.png}
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\caption{Packer Website}
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\label{fig:www-packer}
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\end{figure}
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Debian's description:
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%%%
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Packer is a CLI tool for the automatic creation of identical machine images
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(single deployable units that contain a pre-configured OS and installed
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software) for multiple platforms (public cloud providers, private cloud
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and desktop virtualization solutions) from a single JSON template resp.
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configuration file.
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Packer features builders for the following target platforms which could be
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employed on Debian:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Amazon Web Services (EBS-backed Amazon Machine Images for EC2, and other
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types)
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\item DigitalOcean (reuseable snapshots from available source images)
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\item \Gls{docker}
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\item Google Compute Engine (images based on existing images)
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\item OpenStack (new reuseable images for servers in OpenStack clouds)
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\item QEMU (\gls{kvm} and Xen virtual machine images)
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\item Oracle VirtualBox (virtual machine images)
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\end{itemize}
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A number of post-processors are included like for creating Vagrant boxes.
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Several provisioners resp. remote execution systems, namely Ansible, Chef,
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Puppet, Salt, and shell based provisioning (using SSH) are supported to
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configure and install software on the machines automatically after fresh OSs
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have been set up.
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For the documentation of Packer, please see <\url{https://www.packer.io/docs}>.
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