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327 lines
8.9 KiB
327 lines
8.9 KiB
#include "LiquidCrystal.h"
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <inttypes.h>
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#include "Arduino.h"
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// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
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//
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// 1. Display clear
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// 2. Function set:
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// DL = 1; 8-bit interface data
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// N = 0; 1-line display
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// F = 0; 5x8 dot character font
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// 3. Display on/off control:
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// D = 0; Display off
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// C = 0; Cursor off
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// B = 0; Blinking off
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// 4. Entry mode set:
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// I/D = 1; Increment by 1
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// S = 0; No shift
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//
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// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
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// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
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// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).
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LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
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uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
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uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
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{
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init(0, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
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}
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LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
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uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
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uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
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{
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init(0, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
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}
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LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
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uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3)
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{
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init(1, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
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}
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LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
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uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3)
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{
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init(1, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::init(uint8_t fourbitmode, uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
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uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
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uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
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{
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_rs_pin = rs;
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_rw_pin = rw;
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_enable_pin = enable;
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_data_pins[0] = d0;
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_data_pins[1] = d1;
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_data_pins[2] = d2;
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_data_pins[3] = d3;
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_data_pins[4] = d4;
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_data_pins[5] = d5;
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_data_pins[6] = d6;
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_data_pins[7] = d7;
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if (fourbitmode)
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_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
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else
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_displayfunction = LCD_8BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
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begin(16, 1);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t dotsize) {
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if (lines > 1) {
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_displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
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}
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_numlines = lines;
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setRowOffsets(0x00, 0x40, 0x00 + cols, 0x40 + cols);
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// for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font
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if ((dotsize != LCD_5x8DOTS) && (lines == 1)) {
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_displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;
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}
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pinMode(_rs_pin, OUTPUT);
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// we can save 1 pin by not using RW. Indicate by passing 255 instead of pin#
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if (_rw_pin != 255) {
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pinMode(_rw_pin, OUTPUT);
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}
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pinMode(_enable_pin, OUTPUT);
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// Do these once, instead of every time a character is drawn for speed reasons.
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for (int i=0; i<((_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE) ? 8 : 4); ++i)
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{
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pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
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}
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// SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!
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// according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
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// before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way before 4.5V so we'll wait 50
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delayMicroseconds(50000);
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// Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands
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digitalWrite(_rs_pin, LOW);
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digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
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if (_rw_pin != 255) {
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digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
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}
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//put the LCD into 4 bit or 8 bit mode
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if (! (_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE)) {
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// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
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// figure 24, pg 46
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// we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
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write4bits(0x03);
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delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
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// second try
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write4bits(0x03);
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delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
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// third go!
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write4bits(0x03);
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delayMicroseconds(150);
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// finally, set to 4-bit interface
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write4bits(0x02);
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} else {
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// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
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// page 45 figure 23
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// Send function set command sequence
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command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
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delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait more than 4.1ms
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// second try
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command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
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delayMicroseconds(150);
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// third go
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command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
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}
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// finally, set # lines, font size, etc.
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command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
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// turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
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_displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;
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display();
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// clear it off
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clear();
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// Initialize to default text direction (for romance languages)
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_displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
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// set the entry mode
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command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::setRowOffsets(int row0, int row1, int row2, int row3)
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{
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_row_offsets[0] = row0;
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_row_offsets[1] = row1;
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_row_offsets[2] = row2;
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_row_offsets[3] = row3;
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}
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/********** high level commands, for the user! */
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void LiquidCrystal::clear()
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{
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command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY); // clear display, set cursor position to zero
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delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::home()
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{
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command(LCD_RETURNHOME); // set cursor position to zero
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delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row)
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{
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const size_t max_lines = sizeof(_row_offsets) / sizeof(*_row_offsets);
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if ( row >= max_lines ) {
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row = max_lines - 1; // we count rows starting w/0
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}
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if ( row >= _numlines ) {
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row = _numlines - 1; // we count rows starting w/0
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}
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command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + _row_offsets[row]));
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}
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// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
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void LiquidCrystal::noDisplay() {
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_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
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command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::display() {
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_displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
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command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
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}
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// Turns the underline cursor on/off
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void LiquidCrystal::noCursor() {
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_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;
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command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::cursor() {
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_displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;
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command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
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}
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// Turn on and off the blinking cursor
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void LiquidCrystal::noBlink() {
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_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;
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command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::blink() {
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_displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;
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command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
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}
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// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM
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void LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {
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command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayRight(void) {
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command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);
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}
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// This is for text that flows Left to Right
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void LiquidCrystal::leftToRight(void) {
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_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
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command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
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}
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// This is for text that flows Right to Left
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void LiquidCrystal::rightToLeft(void) {
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_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
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command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
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}
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// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor
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void LiquidCrystal::autoscroll(void) {
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_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
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command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
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}
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// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor
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void LiquidCrystal::noAutoscroll(void) {
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_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
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command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
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}
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// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations
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// with custom characters
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void LiquidCrystal::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
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location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7
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command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));
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for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
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write(charmap[i]);
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}
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}
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/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */
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inline void LiquidCrystal::command(uint8_t value) {
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send(value, LOW);
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}
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inline size_t LiquidCrystal::write(uint8_t value) {
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send(value, HIGH);
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return 1; // assume sucess
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}
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/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
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// write either command or data, with automatic 4/8-bit selection
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void LiquidCrystal::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {
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digitalWrite(_rs_pin, mode);
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// if there is a RW pin indicated, set it low to Write
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if (_rw_pin != 255) {
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digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
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}
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if (_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE) {
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write8bits(value);
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} else {
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write4bits(value>>4);
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write4bits(value);
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}
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::pulseEnable(void) {
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digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(1);
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digitalWrite(_enable_pin, HIGH);
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delayMicroseconds(1); // enable pulse must be >450ns
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digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(100); // commands need > 37us to settle
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
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for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
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digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
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}
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pulseEnable();
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}
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void LiquidCrystal::write8bits(uint8_t value) {
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for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
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digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
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}
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pulseEnable();
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}
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