diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 96336e9..12d62ad 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,3 +1,57 @@ +#Summary + +- [PCBA](#section-id-1) +- [Prototype PCBA Manufacturing](#section-id-12) +- [Software](#section-id-19) + - [Debian](#section-id-23) + - [Other Software](#section-id-57) + - [Electronic Design Automation (EDA)](#section-id-76) +- [PCB Manufacturing](#section-id-80) + - [Board Types and Features](#section-id-92) + - [Copper Layer](#section-id-95) + - [Soldermask](#section-id-98) + - [Silkscreen](#section-id-101) + - [Standards & QC](#section-id-104) +- [PCB Assembly](#section-id-111) + - [Placement](#section-id-122) + - [Solder Paste](#section-id-137) + - [Solder Wire](#section-id-146) + - [Flux](#section-id-153) + - [Flux Remover](#section-id-158) + - [Low Melt Alloy](#section-id-165) + - [Solder Wick](#section-id-170) + - [Heat](#section-id-175) +- [PCBA Processes](#section-id-188) + - [Solder through hole components with soldering iron](#section-id-191) + - [Solder SMT components with soldering iron](#section-id-194) + - [Solder SMT components with hot air](#section-id-197) + - [Solder SMT components with oven](#section-id-200) + - [Solder SMT components with skillet](#section-id-203) + - [Solder BGA components](#section-id-206) + - [Rework through hole components](#section-id-209) + - [Rework SMT components](#section-id-217) + - [Rework BGA components](#section-id-225) + - [Create solder paste stencil](#section-id-228) + - [Apply solder paste with solder paste mask](#section-id-236) + - [Apply solder paste with syringe](#section-id-239) + - [Apply solder paste with electronic syringe](#section-id-242) + - [Solder Pot](#section-id-245) +- [PCBA Testing](#section-id-251) +- [Equipment](#section-id-254) + - [LASER](#section-id-259) + - [CNC](#section-id-270) + - [3D Printer](#section-id-281) + - [Solder Station](#section-id-291) + - [Pick and Place](#section-id-318) +- [Production Boards](#section-id-328) +- [Some thing else](#section-id-337) + - [and more](#section-id-340) + - [and](#section-id-343) + + + +
+ # PCBA PCB Assembly. Soldering. SMT. Thru hole. Stencils. Paste. Equipment. Tools. HOWTOs. @@ -9,6 +63,8 @@ Other code licensed under their own respective licenses. Copyright © 2019, Fork Sand, Inc. +
+ # Prototype PCBA Manufacturing This documents free software and open source hardware manufacturing of PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies). @@ -16,10 +72,14 @@ of PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies). Focus is particularly on tools that can be used with hackerspace- level technology. +
+ # Software Various Free Software (as defined by FSF) applications available for the creation of PCBAs. +
+ ## Debian The below packages are in Debian Buster. Note, even though it is in Debian, you may want to build some of these packages from scratch @@ -54,6 +114,8 @@ The following Debian packages are NOT in use: * `visolate` - tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs. +
+ ## Other Software Other PCBA software available under Free Software licenses. @@ -73,10 +135,14 @@ https://github.com/openscopeproject/InteractiveHtmlBom * [`flatcam`](http://flatcam.org/) --- Free and Open-source PCB CAM. FlatCAM lets you take your designs to a CNC router. You can open Gerber, Excellon or G-code, edit it or create from scatch, and output G-Code. Isolation routing is one of many tasks that FlatCAM is perfect for. +
+ ## Electronic Design Automation (EDA) To design PCBs, KiCAD is used. Export Gerber files for manufacturing. +
+ # PCB Manufacturing You can make your own PCB or have them made by numerous suppliers. Recommended suppliers (amongst many): @@ -89,18 +155,28 @@ Recommended suppliers (amongst many): * Many others that also support KiCAD! +
+ ## Board Types and Features FR1, FR4, etc. +
+ ## Copper Layer Cu later. +
+ ## Soldermask Green... +
+ ## Silkscreen White... +
+ ## Standards & QC Standards: @@ -108,6 +184,8 @@ Standards: * cf. NASA Standards. +
+ # PCB Assembly You can have a board assembled by a house such as ProtoExpress, or you can assemble it yourself. There is an endless variety of @@ -119,6 +197,8 @@ DIY approaches to this. This you have the PCB finished. You need to: * Solder Components. +
+ ## Placement The many ways to place a part... @@ -134,6 +214,8 @@ What method is used depends on the type and size of the part and what equipment is available. We'll be working with SMT, BGA, and through hole parts. +
+ ## Solder Paste To solder SMT parts to PCB. @@ -143,6 +225,8 @@ In use: * Zeph ZeroLead, 96.5Sn / 3Ag /.5Cu, 10cc syringe. +
+ ## Solder Wire In use: @@ -150,11 +234,15 @@ In use: * Kester Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5, no clean, no lead, 0.8mm. +
+ ## Flux In use: * Zephlux No Clean Flux, 14 gr. jar. +
+ ## Flux Remover But you just put flux on... @@ -162,16 +250,22 @@ In use: * Zeph Flux Remover. +
+ ## Low Melt Alloy To desolder, perchance. * Zeph ZERO No Lead Low Melt. +
+ ## Solder Wick Solder wick, aka desoldering wire. In use: variety sizes. +
+ ## Heat You need to melt that solder... @@ -185,27 +279,43 @@ You need to melt that solder... * Hot air bath. +
+ # PCBA Processes Working with PCBs and components: +
+ ## Solder through hole components with soldering iron HOWTO solder through hole components to a PCB with soldering. +
+ ## Solder SMT components with soldering iron HOWTO Solder SMT components with soldering iron. +
+ ## Solder SMT components with hot air HOWTO Solder SMT components with hot air. +
+ ## Solder SMT components with oven HOWTO Solder SMT components with oven. +
+ ## Solder SMT components with skillet HOWTO Solder SMT components with skillet. +
+ ## Solder BGA components HOWTO Solder BGA components. +
+ ## Rework through hole components HOWTO Rework through hole components. @@ -214,6 +324,8 @@ Current Practice: * [Through Hole Component Removal HOWTO] (HOWTO/through-hole-component-removal-HOWTO.md) +
+ ## Rework SMT components HOWTO Rework SMT components. @@ -222,9 +334,13 @@ Current Practice: * [SMT Component Removal HOWTO] (HOWTO/smt-component-removal-HOWTO.md) +
+ ## Rework BGA components HOWTO Rework BGA components. +
+ ## Create solder paste stencil HOWTO Create solder paste stencil. @@ -233,29 +349,43 @@ Current Practice: * [HOWTO create a solder paste stencil with Inkscape] (HOWTO/laser-solder-paste-stencil-inkscape.md) +
+ ## Apply solder paste with solder paste mask HOWTO Apply solder paste with solder paste mask. +
+ ## Apply solder paste with syringe HOWTO Apply solder paste with syringe. +
+ ## Apply solder paste with electronic syringe HOWTO Apply solder paste with electronic syringe. +
+ ## Solder Pot HOWTO Use a solder pot. * [Solder Pot HOWTO] (HOWTO/solder-pot-HOWTO.md) +
+ # PCBA Testing Pins. +
+ # Equipment The equipment considered is what is generally available to hackerspaces. This leaves out industrial gear like large wave solder machines. +
+ ## LASER LASERS can serve a few purposes in manufacturing PCBAs. Inexpensive LASER cutters are available at many hackerspaces. @@ -267,6 +397,8 @@ Inexpensive LASERs can be retrofit to RepRap 3D printers. * Board marking, such as serialization. +
+ ## CNC Large CNCs are overkill for PCBA assembly. Very small CNCs can be used. @@ -278,6 +410,8 @@ CNCs can be used to: * Drill PCB holes. +
+ ## 3D Printer RepRap 3D printers are available at many hackerspaces. 3D printers can be used to: @@ -288,6 +422,8 @@ RepRap 3D printers are available at many hackerspaces. * Make other tools, etc. +
+ ## Solder Station Solder station tools: @@ -315,6 +451,8 @@ Solder station tools: * Solder pot. +
+ ## Pick and Place A variety of free software compatible and open source hardware pick and place machines are available. @@ -325,6 +463,8 @@ pick and place machines are available. non-commercial design licensed hardware. Manufacturer supplies proprietary application. +
+ # Production Boards Boards manufactured or slated to be manufactured. @@ -333,3 +473,18 @@ https://code.forksand.com/forksand/fs-TrellisBoard * ULX3X --- ECP5 board. https://code.forksand.com/forksand/fs-ulx3s + +
+ +# Some thing else +foo + +
+ +## and more +this + +
+ +## and +that