diff --git a/README-awesome.md b/README-awesome.md deleted file mode 100644 index 4f0dc0e..0000000 --- a/README-awesome.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,223 +0,0 @@ -# Prototype PCBA Manufacturing -This documents free software and open source hardware manufacturing -of PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies). - -Focus is particularly on tools that can be used with hackerspace- -level technology. - -# Software -Various Free Software (as defined by FSF) applications available -for the creation of PCBAs. - -## Debian -The below packages are in Debian Buster. Note, even though it is in -Debian, you may want to build some of these packages from scratch -since the version in Debian is old. Debian `backports` maintains -an up to date KiCAD. - -The following are in use in the current production toolchain: - -* `freecad` --- Visualization of PCBAs and more. 3D CAD application. - -* `inkscape` --- vector-based drawing program. - -* `kicad` --- Electronic schematic and PCB design software. - -The following are NOT in use: - -* `electronics-pcb` --- Debian packages for PCB development (meta package). - -* `fritzing` --- Easy-to-use electronic design software. - -* `geda` --- GPL EDA -- Electronics design software. - -* `gerbv` --- Gerber file viewer. - -* `lepton-eda` --- Lepton Electronic Design Automation. - -* `pcb` --- printed circuit board (pcb) design program. - -* `pcb2gcode` --- command-line tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs. - -* `pcb-rnd` - Modular Printed Circuit Board layout tool. - -* `visolate` - tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs. - -## Electronic Design Automation (EDA) -To design PCBs, KiCAD is used. -Export Gerber files for manufacturing. - -# PCB Manufacturing. -You can make your own PCB or have them made by numerous suppliers. -Recommended suppliers (amongst many): - -* OSHPark --- Strong FLO supporters, high quality, quick turn, USA. - -* DirtyPCBs --- Lowest possible cost out of Shenzhen, China. - -* ProtoExpress -- Quick turn, high quality, high cost, USA. - -* Many others that also support KiCAD! - -## Board Types and Features -FR1, FR4, etc. - -## Copper Layer -Cu later. - -## Soldermask -Green... - -## Silkscreen -White... - -## Standards & QC -Standards: - -* RoHS (no lead). - -* cf. NASA Standards. - -# Assembly -You can have a board assembled by a house such as ProtoExpress, -or you can assemble it yourself. There is an endless variety of -DIY approaches to this. This you have the PCB finished. You need to: - -* Source components. - -* Place components. - -* Solder Components. - -## Placement -The many ways to place a part... - -* Fingers. - -* Tweezers. - -* Vacuum. - -* Pick and Place. - -What method is used depends on the type and size of the part -and what equipment is available. We'll be working with SMT, -BGA, and through hole parts. - -## Solder Paste -To solder SMT parts to PCB. - -In use: - -* CHIPQUIK SMD291SNL50T3, 50g jar. - -* Zeph ZeroLead, 96.5Sn / 3Ag /.5Cu, 10cc syringe. - -## Solder Wire -In use: - -* Kester K1000D, no clean, no lead, 0.8mm. - -* Kester Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5, no clean, no lead, 0.8mm. - -## Flux -In use: - -* Zephlux No Clean Flux, 14 gr. jar. - -## Flux Remover -But you just put flux on... - -In use: - -* Zeph Flux Remover. - -## Low Melt Alloy -To desolder, perchance. - -* Zeph ZERO No Lead Low Melt. - -## Solder Wick -Solder wick, aka desoldering wire. - -In use: variety sizes. - -## Heat -You need to melt that solder... - -* Solder Iron. - -* Skillet. - -* Oven. - -* Hot air pencil. - -* Hot air bath. - -# PCBA Testing -Pins. - -# Equipment -The equipment considered is what is generally available to -hackerspaces. This leaves out industrial gear like large -wave solder machines. - -## LASER -LASERS can serve a few purposes in manufacturing PCBAs. -Inexpensive LASER cutters are available at many hackerspaces. -Inexpensive LASERs can be retrofit to RepRap 3D printers. - -* Cut solder paste stencils. - -* Etch paint, which is then chemically etched. - -* Board marking, such as serialization. - -## CNC -Large CNCs are overkill for PCBA assembly. -Very small CNCs can be used. -CNCs are available at many hackerspaces. -CNCs can be used to: - -* Engrave PCB. - -* Drill PCB holes. - - -## 3D Printer -RepRap 3D printers are available at many hackerspaces. -3D printers can be used to: - -* Make CNC fixtures. - -* Make board holding fixtures. - -* Make other tools, etc. - -## Solder Station -Solder station tools: - -* Soldering iron. - -* Hot air pencil. - -* Hot air bath. - -* Fume extrator. - -* PCB holder. - -* Lights. - -* Magnification. - -* Solder paste dispenser. - -* Vacuum pencil. - -* Oven. - -* Heat plate. - -* Solder pot. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fa9bf6d..5752ce2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,19 +1,257 @@ -# pcba +# PCBA +PCB Assembly. Soldering. SMT. Thru hole. Stencils. Paste. Equipment. Tools. HOWTOs. -PCB Assembly. Soldering. SMT. Thru hole. Stencils. Paste. -Equipment. Tools. HOWTOs. +This document is available here: +https://code.forksand.com/forksand/pcba/src/branch/master/README-awesome.md +License: CC By SA 4.0 International and/or GPLv3+ at your discretion. +Other code licensed under their own respective licenses. -* SMT component PCBA Assembly. +Copyright © 2019, Fork Sand, Inc. -* TAZ 6 J-Tech photonics LASER with Inkscape plugins. +# Prototype PCBA Manufacturing +This documents free software and open source hardware manufacturing +of PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies). -* SMT Solder Paste Stencil. +Focus is particularly on tools that can be used with hackerspace- +level technology. -* Standards derived from libre sources. +# Software +Various Free Software (as defined by FSF) applications available +for the creation of PCBAs. +## Debian +The below packages are in Debian Buster. Note, even though it is in +Debian, you may want to build some of these packages from scratch +since the version in Debian is old. Debian `backports` maintains +an up to date KiCAD. -License: CC By SA 4.0 International and/or GPLv3+ at your discretion. -Other code licensed under their own respective licenses. +The following Debian packages are in use in the current production toolchain: + +* `freecad` --- Visualization of PCBAs and more. 3D CAD application. + +* `inkscape` --- vector-based drawing program. + +* `kicad` --- Electronic schematic and PCB design software. + +The following Debian packages are NOT in use: + +* `electronics-pcb` --- Debian packages for PCB development (meta package). + +* `fritzing` --- Easy-to-use electronic design software. + +* `geda` --- GPL EDA -- Electronics design software. + +* `gerbv` --- Gerber file viewer. + +* `lepton-eda` --- Lepton Electronic Design Automation. + +* `pcb` --- printed circuit board (pcb) design program. + +* `pcb2gcode` --- command-line tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs. + +* `pcb-rnd` - Modular Printed Circuit Board layout tool. + +* `visolate` - tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs. + +## Other +Other PCBA software available under Free Software licenses. + +Used: + +* J-Tech Photonics LASER Inkscape Plugin. + +* `raster2gcode` --- Inkscape Plugin. + +Not Used: + +* `InteractiveHtmlBom` --- Interactive HTML BOM generation plugin for KiCad +https://github.com/openscopeproject/InteractiveHtmlBom + +## Electronic Design Automation (EDA) +To design PCBs, KiCAD is used. +Export Gerber files for manufacturing. + +# PCB Manufacturing. +You can make your own PCB or have them made by numerous suppliers. +Recommended suppliers (amongst many): + +* OSHPark --- Strong FLO supporters, high quality, quick turn, USA. + +* DirtyPCBs --- Lowest possible cost out of Shenzhen, China. + +* ProtoExpress -- Quick turn, high quality, high cost, USA. + +* Many others that also support KiCAD! + +## Board Types and Features +FR1, FR4, etc. + +## Copper Layer +Cu later. + +## Soldermask +Green... + +## Silkscreen +White... + +## Standards & QC +Standards: + +* RoHS (no lead). + +* cf. NASA Standards. + +# PCB Assembly +You can have a board assembled by a house such as ProtoExpress, +or you can assemble it yourself. There is an endless variety of +DIY approaches to this. This you have the PCB finished. You need to: + +* Source components. + +* Place components. + +* Solder Components. + +## Placement +The many ways to place a part... + +* Fingers. + +* Tweezers. + +* Vacuum. + +* Pick and Place. + +What method is used depends on the type and size of the part +and what equipment is available. We'll be working with SMT, +BGA, and through hole parts. + +## Solder Paste +To solder SMT parts to PCB. + +In use: + +* CHIPQUIK SMD291SNL50T3, 50g jar. + +* Zeph ZeroLead, 96.5Sn / 3Ag /.5Cu, 10cc syringe. + +## Solder Wire +In use: + +* Kester K1000D, no clean, no lead, 0.8mm. + +* Kester Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5, no clean, no lead, 0.8mm. + +## Flux +In use: + +* Zephlux No Clean Flux, 14 gr. jar. + +## Flux Remover +But you just put flux on... + +In use: + +* Zeph Flux Remover. + +## Low Melt Alloy +To desolder, perchance. + +* Zeph ZERO No Lead Low Melt. + +## Solder Wick +Solder wick, aka desoldering wire. + +In use: variety sizes. + +## Heat +You need to melt that solder... + +* Solder Iron. + +* Skillet. + +* Oven. + +* Hot air pencil. + +* Hot air bath. + +# PCBA Testing +Pins. + +# Equipment +The equipment considered is what is generally available to +hackerspaces. This leaves out industrial gear like large +wave solder machines. + +## LASER +LASERS can serve a few purposes in manufacturing PCBAs. +Inexpensive LASER cutters are available at many hackerspaces. +Inexpensive LASERs can be retrofit to RepRap 3D printers. + +* Cut solder paste stencils. + +* Etch paint, which is then chemically etched. + +* Board marking, such as serialization. + +## CNC +Large CNCs are overkill for PCBA assembly. +Very small CNCs can be used. +CNCs are available at many hackerspaces. +CNCs can be used to: + +* Engrave PCB. + +* Drill PCB holes. + + +## 3D Printer +RepRap 3D printers are available at many hackerspaces. +3D printers can be used to: + +* Make CNC fixtures. + +* Make board holding fixtures. + +* Make other tools, etc. + +## Solder Station +Solder station tools: + +* Soldering iron. + +* Hot air pencil. + +* Hot air bath. + +* Fume extrator. + +* PCB holder. + +* Lights. + +* Magnification. + +* Solder paste dispenser. + +* Vacuum pencil. + +* Oven. + +* Heat plate. + +* Solder pot. + +# Production Boards +Boards manufactured or slated to be manufactured. + +* Trellisboard --- Ultimate ECP5 board. +https://code.forksand.com/forksand/fs-TrellisBoard -Copyright (C) 2019, Fork Sand, Inc. +* ULX3X --- ECP5 board. +https://code.forksand.com/forksand/fs-ulx3s