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= Liquid Crystal Library for Arduino =
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This library allows an Arduino board to control LiquidCrystal displays (LCDs) based on the Hitachi HD44780 (or a compatible) chipset, which is found on most text-based LCDs.
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For more information about this library please visit us at
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http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/LiquidCrystal
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== License ==
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Copyright (c) Arduino LLC. All right reserved.
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This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
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License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
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version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
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License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
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Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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/*
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  LiquidCrystal Library - Autoscroll
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 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
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 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
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 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
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 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
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 This sketch demonstrates the use of the autoscroll()
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 and noAutoscroll() functions to make new text scroll or not.
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 The circuit:
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 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
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 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
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 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
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 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
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 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
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 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
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 * LCD R/W pin to ground
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 * 10K resistor:
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 * ends to +5V and ground
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 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
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 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
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 by David A. Mellis
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 library modified 5 Jul 2009
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 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
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 example added 9 Jul 2009
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 by Tom Igoe
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 modified 22 Nov 2010
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 by Tom Igoe
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 This example code is in the public domain.
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 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalAutoscroll
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 */
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// include the library code:
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#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
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// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
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LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
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void setup() {
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  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
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  lcd.begin(16, 2);
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}
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void loop() {
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  // set the cursor to (0,0):
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  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
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  // print from 0 to 9:
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  for (int thisChar = 0; thisChar < 10; thisChar++) {
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    lcd.print(thisChar);
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    delay(500);
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  }
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  // set the cursor to (16,1):
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  lcd.setCursor(16, 1);
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  // set the display to automatically scroll:
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  lcd.autoscroll();
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  // print from 0 to 9:
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  for (int thisChar = 0; thisChar < 10; thisChar++) {
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    lcd.print(thisChar);
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    delay(500);
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  }
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  // turn off automatic scrolling
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  lcd.noAutoscroll();
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  // clear screen for the next loop:
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  lcd.clear();
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}
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/*
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  LiquidCrystal Library - Blink
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 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
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 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
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 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
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 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
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 This sketch prints "Hello World!" to the LCD and makes the
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 cursor block blink.
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 The circuit:
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 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
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 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
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 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
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 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
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 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
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 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
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 * LCD R/W pin to ground
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 * 10K resistor:
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   * ends to +5V and ground
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   * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
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 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
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 by David A. Mellis
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 library modified 5 Jul 2009
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 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
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 example added 9 Jul 2009
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 by Tom Igoe
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 modified 22 Nov 2010
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 by Tom Igoe
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 This example code is in the public domain.
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 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalBlink
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 */
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// include the library code:
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#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
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// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
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LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
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void setup() {
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  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
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  lcd.begin(16, 2);
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  // Print a message to the LCD.
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  lcd.print("hello, world!");
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}
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void loop() {
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  // Turn off the blinking cursor:
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  lcd.noBlink();
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  delay(3000);
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  // Turn on the blinking cursor:
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  lcd.blink();
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  delay(3000);
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}
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/*
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  LiquidCrystal Library - Cursor
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 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
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 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
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 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
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 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
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 This sketch prints "Hello World!" to the LCD and
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 uses the cursor()  and noCursor() methods to turn
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 on and off the cursor.
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 The circuit:
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 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
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 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
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 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
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 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
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 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
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 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
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 * LCD R/W pin to ground
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 * 10K resistor:
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 * ends to +5V and ground
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 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
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 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
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 by David A. Mellis
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 library modified 5 Jul 2009
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 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
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 example added 9 Jul 2009
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 by Tom Igoe
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 modified 22 Nov 2010
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 by Tom Igoe
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 This example code is in the public domain.
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 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalCursor
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 */
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// include the library code:
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#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
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// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
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LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
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void setup() {
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  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
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  lcd.begin(16, 2);
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  // Print a message to the LCD.
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  lcd.print("hello, world!");
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}
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void loop() {
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  // Turn off the cursor:
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  lcd.noCursor();
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  delay(500);
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  // Turn on the cursor:
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  lcd.cursor();
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  delay(500);
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}
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/*
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  LiquidCrystal Library - Custom Characters
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 Demonstrates how to add custom characters on an LCD  display.
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 The LiquidCrystal library works with all LCD displays that are
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 compatible with the  Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of
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 them out there, and you can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
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 This sketch prints "I <heart> Arduino!" and a little dancing man
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 to the LCD.
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  The circuit:
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 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
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 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
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 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
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 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
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 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
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 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
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 * LCD R/W pin to ground
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 * 10K potentiometer:
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 * ends to +5V and ground
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 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
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 * 10K poterntiometer on pin A0
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 created 21 Mar 2011
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 by Tom Igoe
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 modified 11 Nov 2013
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 by Scott Fitzgerald
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 Based on Adafruit's example at
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 https://github.com/adafruit/SPI_VFD/blob/master/examples/createChar/createChar.pde
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 This example code is in the public domain.
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 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal
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 Also useful:
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 http://icontexto.com/charactercreator/
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 */
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// include the library code:
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#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
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// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
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LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
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// make some custom characters:
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byte heart[8] = {
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  0b00000,
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  0b01010,
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  0b11111,
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  0b11111,
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  0b11111,
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  0b01110,
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  0b00100,
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  0b00000
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};
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byte smiley[8] = {
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  0b00000,
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  0b00000,
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  0b01010,
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  0b00000,
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  0b00000,
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  0b10001,
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  0b01110,
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  0b00000
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};
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byte frownie[8] = {
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  0b00000,
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  0b00000,
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  0b01010,
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  0b00000,
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  0b00000,
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  0b00000,
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  0b01110,
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  0b10001
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};
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byte armsDown[8] = {
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  0b00100,
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  0b01010,
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  0b00100,
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  0b00100,
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  0b01110,
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  0b10101,
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  0b00100,
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  0b01010
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};
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byte armsUp[8] = {
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  0b00100,
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  0b01010,
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  0b00100,
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  0b10101,
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  0b01110,
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  0b00100,
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  0b00100,
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  0b01010
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};
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void setup() {
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  // initialize LCD and set up the number of columns and rows: 
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  lcd.begin(16, 2);
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  // create a new character
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  lcd.createChar(0, heart);
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  // create a new character
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  lcd.createChar(1, smiley);
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  // create a new character
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  lcd.createChar(2, frownie);
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  // create a new character
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  lcd.createChar(3, armsDown);
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  // create a new character
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  lcd.createChar(4, armsUp);
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  // Print a message to the lcd.
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  lcd.print("I "); 
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  lcd.write(byte(0)); // when calling lcd.write() '0' must be cast as a byte
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  lcd.print(" Arduino! ");
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  lcd.write((byte) 1);
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}
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void loop() {
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  // read the potentiometer on A0:
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  int sensorReading = analogRead(A0);
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  // map the result to 200 - 1000:
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  int delayTime = map(sensorReading, 0, 1023, 200, 1000);
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  // set the cursor to the bottom row, 5th position:
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  lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
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  // draw the little man, arms down:
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  lcd.write(3);
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  delay(delayTime);
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  lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
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  // draw him arms up:
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  lcd.write(4);
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  delay(delayTime);
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}
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/*
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  LiquidCrystal Library - display() and noDisplay()
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 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
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 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
 | 
				
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 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
 | 
				
			||||
 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
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 This sketch prints "Hello World!" to the LCD and uses the
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 display() and noDisplay() functions to turn on and off
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 the display.
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 The circuit:
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 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
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 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
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 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
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 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
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 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
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 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
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 * LCD R/W pin to ground
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 * 10K resistor:
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 * ends to +5V and ground
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 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
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 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
 | 
				
			||||
 by David A. Mellis
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			||||
 library modified 5 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
 | 
				
			||||
 example added 9 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
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			||||
 modified 22 Nov 2010
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
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 This example code is in the public domain.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
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 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalDisplay
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 */
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// include the library code:
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#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
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// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
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LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
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void setup() {
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  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
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			||||
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
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			||||
  // Print a message to the LCD.
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.print("hello, world!");
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void loop() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // Turn off the display:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.noDisplay();
 | 
				
			||||
  delay(500);
 | 
				
			||||
  // Turn on the display:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.display();
 | 
				
			||||
  delay(500);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
 | 
				
			||||
/*
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal Library - Hello World
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
 | 
				
			||||
 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
 | 
				
			||||
 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This sketch prints "Hello World!" to the LCD
 | 
				
			||||
 and shows the time.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  The circuit:
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD VSS pin to ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD VCC pin to 5V
 | 
				
			||||
 * 10K resistor:
 | 
				
			||||
 * ends to +5V and ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
 | 
				
			||||
 by David A. Mellis
 | 
				
			||||
 library modified 5 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
 | 
				
			||||
 example added 9 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 modified 22 Nov 2010
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This example code is in the public domain.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
 */
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// include the library code:
 | 
				
			||||
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void setup() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
  // Print a message to the LCD.
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.print("hello, world!");
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void loop() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
 | 
				
			||||
  // (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0):
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
 | 
				
			||||
  // print the number of seconds since reset:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.print(millis() / 1000);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
 | 
				
			||||
/*
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal Library - scrollDisplayLeft() and scrollDisplayRight()
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
 | 
				
			||||
 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
 | 
				
			||||
 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This sketch prints "Hello World!" to the LCD and uses the
 | 
				
			||||
 scrollDisplayLeft() and scrollDisplayRight() methods to scroll
 | 
				
			||||
 the text.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  The circuit:
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * 10K resistor:
 | 
				
			||||
 * ends to +5V and ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
 | 
				
			||||
 by David A. Mellis
 | 
				
			||||
 library modified 5 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
 | 
				
			||||
 example added 9 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 modified 22 Nov 2010
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This example code is in the public domain.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalScroll
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 */
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// include the library code:
 | 
				
			||||
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void setup() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
  // Print a message to the LCD.
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.print("hello, world!");
 | 
				
			||||
  delay(1000);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void loop() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // scroll 13 positions (string length) to the left
 | 
				
			||||
  // to move it offscreen left:
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 13; positionCounter++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    // scroll one position left:
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
 | 
				
			||||
    // wait a bit:
 | 
				
			||||
    delay(150);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // scroll 29 positions (string length + display length) to the right
 | 
				
			||||
  // to move it offscreen right:
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 29; positionCounter++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    // scroll one position right:
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.scrollDisplayRight();
 | 
				
			||||
    // wait a bit:
 | 
				
			||||
    delay(150);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // scroll 16 positions (display length + string length) to the left
 | 
				
			||||
  // to move it back to center:
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 16; positionCounter++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    // scroll one position left:
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
 | 
				
			||||
    // wait a bit:
 | 
				
			||||
    delay(150);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // delay at the end of the full loop:
 | 
				
			||||
  delay(1000);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
 | 
				
			||||
/*
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal Library - Serial Input
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
 | 
				
			||||
 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
 | 
				
			||||
 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This sketch displays text sent over the serial port
 | 
				
			||||
 (e.g. from the Serial Monitor) on an attached LCD.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 The circuit:
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * 10K resistor:
 | 
				
			||||
 * ends to +5V and ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
 | 
				
			||||
 by David A. Mellis
 | 
				
			||||
 library modified 5 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
 | 
				
			||||
 example added 9 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 modified 22 Nov 2010
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This example code is in the public domain.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalSerial
 | 
				
			||||
 */
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// include the library code:
 | 
				
			||||
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void setup() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
  // initialize the serial communications:
 | 
				
			||||
  Serial.begin(9600);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void loop()
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  // when characters arrive over the serial port...
 | 
				
			||||
  if (Serial.available()) {
 | 
				
			||||
    // wait a bit for the entire message to arrive
 | 
				
			||||
    delay(100);
 | 
				
			||||
    // clear the screen
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.clear();
 | 
				
			||||
    // read all the available characters
 | 
				
			||||
    while (Serial.available() > 0) {
 | 
				
			||||
      // display each character to the LCD
 | 
				
			||||
      lcd.write(Serial.read());
 | 
				
			||||
    }
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
 | 
				
			||||
/*
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal Library - TextDirection
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
 | 
				
			||||
Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
 | 
				
			||||
can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
This sketch demonstrates how to use leftToRight() and rightToLeft()
 | 
				
			||||
to move the cursor.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
The circuit:
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
 | 
				
			||||
* LCD R/W pin to ground
 | 
				
			||||
* 10K resistor:
 | 
				
			||||
* ends to +5V and ground
 | 
				
			||||
* wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
 | 
				
			||||
by David A. Mellis
 | 
				
			||||
library modified 5 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
 | 
				
			||||
example added 9 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
modified 22 Nov 2010
 | 
				
			||||
by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
This example code is in the public domain.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalTextDirection
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
*/
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// include the library code:
 | 
				
			||||
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
int thisChar = 'a';
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void setup() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
  // turn on the cursor:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.cursor();
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void loop() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // reverse directions at 'm':
 | 
				
			||||
  if (thisChar == 'm') {
 | 
				
			||||
    // go right for the next letter
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.rightToLeft();
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  // reverse again at 's':
 | 
				
			||||
  if (thisChar == 's') {
 | 
				
			||||
    // go left for the next letter
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.leftToRight();
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  // reset at 'z':
 | 
				
			||||
  if (thisChar > 'z') {
 | 
				
			||||
    // go to (0,0):
 | 
				
			||||
    lcd.home();
 | 
				
			||||
    // start again at 0
 | 
				
			||||
    thisChar = 'a';
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  // print the character
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.write(thisChar);
 | 
				
			||||
  // wait a second:
 | 
				
			||||
  delay(1000);
 | 
				
			||||
  // increment the letter:
 | 
				
			||||
  thisChar++;
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
 | 
				
			||||
/*
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal Library - setCursor
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display.  The LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
 library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
 | 
				
			||||
 Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
 | 
				
			||||
 can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This sketch prints to all the positions of the LCD using the
 | 
				
			||||
 setCursor(0 method:
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  The circuit:
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
 | 
				
			||||
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * 10K resistor:
 | 
				
			||||
 * ends to +5V and ground
 | 
				
			||||
 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
 | 
				
			||||
 by David A. Mellis
 | 
				
			||||
 library modified 5 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
 | 
				
			||||
 example added 9 Jul 2009
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 modified 22 Nov 2010
 | 
				
			||||
 by Tom Igoe
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 This example code is in the public domain.
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalSetCursor
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 */
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// include the library code:
 | 
				
			||||
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// these constants won't change.  But you can change the size of
 | 
				
			||||
// your LCD using them:
 | 
				
			||||
const int numRows = 2;
 | 
				
			||||
const int numCols = 16;
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void setup() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
 | 
				
			||||
  lcd.begin(numCols, numRows);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void loop() {
 | 
				
			||||
  // loop from ASCII 'a' to ASCII 'z':
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int thisLetter = 'a'; thisLetter <= 'z'; thisLetter++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    // loop over the columns:
 | 
				
			||||
    for (int thisCol = 0; thisCol < numRows; thisCol++) {
 | 
				
			||||
      // loop over the rows:
 | 
				
			||||
      for (int thisRow = 0; thisRow < numCols; thisRow++) {
 | 
				
			||||
        // set the cursor position:
 | 
				
			||||
        lcd.setCursor(thisCol, thisRow);
 | 
				
			||||
        // print the letter:
 | 
				
			||||
        lcd.write(thisLetter);
 | 
				
			||||
        delay(200);
 | 
				
			||||
      }
 | 
				
			||||
    }
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
# Syntax Coloring Map For LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
# Datatypes (KEYWORD1)
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal	KEYWORD1	LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
# Methods and Functions (KEYWORD2)
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
begin	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
clear	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
home	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
print	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
setCursor	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
cursor	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
noCursor	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
blink	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
noBlink	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
display	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
noDisplay	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
autoscroll	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
noAutoscroll	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
leftToRight	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
rightToLeft	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
scrollDisplayLeft	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
scrollDisplayRight	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
createChar	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
setRowOffsets	KEYWORD2
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
# Constants (LITERAL1)
 | 
				
			||||
#######################################
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
 | 
				
			||||
name=LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
version=1.0.1
 | 
				
			||||
author=Arduino, Adafruit
 | 
				
			||||
maintainer=Arduino <info@arduino.cc>
 | 
				
			||||
sentence=Allows communication with alphanumerical liquid crystal displays (LCDs). For all Arduino boards.
 | 
				
			||||
paragraph=This library allows an Arduino board to control LiquidCrystal displays (LCDs) based on the Hitachi HD44780 (or a compatible) chipset, which is found on most text-based LCDs. The library works with in either 4 or 8 bit mode (i.e. using 4 or 8 data lines in addition to the rs, enable, and, optionally, the rw control lines).
 | 
				
			||||
category=Display
 | 
				
			||||
url=http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/LiquidCrystal
 | 
				
			||||
architectures=*
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
 | 
				
			||||
#include "LiquidCrystal.h"
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
#include <stdio.h>
 | 
				
			||||
#include <string.h>
 | 
				
			||||
#include <inttypes.h>
 | 
				
			||||
#include "Arduino.h"
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
 | 
				
			||||
//
 | 
				
			||||
// 1. Display clear
 | 
				
			||||
// 2. Function set: 
 | 
				
			||||
//    DL = 1; 8-bit interface data 
 | 
				
			||||
//    N = 0; 1-line display 
 | 
				
			||||
//    F = 0; 5x8 dot character font 
 | 
				
			||||
// 3. Display on/off control: 
 | 
				
			||||
//    D = 0; Display off 
 | 
				
			||||
//    C = 0; Cursor off 
 | 
				
			||||
//    B = 0; Blinking off 
 | 
				
			||||
// 4. Entry mode set: 
 | 
				
			||||
//    I/D = 1; Increment by 1 
 | 
				
			||||
//    S = 0; No shift 
 | 
				
			||||
//
 | 
				
			||||
// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
 | 
				
			||||
// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
 | 
				
			||||
// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
			     uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
 | 
				
			||||
			     uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  init(0, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
			     uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
 | 
				
			||||
			     uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  init(0, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
			     uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  init(1, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs,  uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
			     uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  init(1, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::init(uint8_t fourbitmode, uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
			 uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
 | 
				
			||||
			 uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  _rs_pin = rs;
 | 
				
			||||
  _rw_pin = rw;
 | 
				
			||||
  _enable_pin = enable;
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[0] = d0;
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[1] = d1;
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[2] = d2;
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[3] = d3; 
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[4] = d4;
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[5] = d5;
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[6] = d6;
 | 
				
			||||
  _data_pins[7] = d7; 
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  pinMode(_rs_pin, OUTPUT);
 | 
				
			||||
  // we can save 1 pin by not using RW. Indicate by passing 255 instead of pin#
 | 
				
			||||
  if (_rw_pin != 255) { 
 | 
				
			||||
    pinMode(_rw_pin, OUTPUT);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  pinMode(_enable_pin, OUTPUT);
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  if (fourbitmode)
 | 
				
			||||
    _displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
 | 
				
			||||
  else 
 | 
				
			||||
    _displayfunction = LCD_8BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  begin(16, 1);  
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t dotsize) {
 | 
				
			||||
  if (lines > 1) {
 | 
				
			||||
    _displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  _numlines = lines;
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  setRowOffsets(0x00, 0x40, 0x00 + cols, 0x40 + cols);  
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font
 | 
				
			||||
  if ((dotsize != LCD_5x8DOTS) && (lines == 1)) {
 | 
				
			||||
    _displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!
 | 
				
			||||
  // according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
 | 
				
			||||
  // before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way before 4.5V so we'll wait 50
 | 
				
			||||
  delayMicroseconds(50000); 
 | 
				
			||||
  // Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands
 | 
				
			||||
  digitalWrite(_rs_pin, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
  digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
  if (_rw_pin != 255) { 
 | 
				
			||||
    digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  //put the LCD into 4 bit or 8 bit mode
 | 
				
			||||
  if (! (_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE)) {
 | 
				
			||||
    // this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
 | 
				
			||||
    // figure 24, pg 46
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
    // we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
 | 
				
			||||
    write4bits(0x03);
 | 
				
			||||
    delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
    // second try
 | 
				
			||||
    write4bits(0x03);
 | 
				
			||||
    delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
 | 
				
			||||
    
 | 
				
			||||
    // third go!
 | 
				
			||||
    write4bits(0x03); 
 | 
				
			||||
    delayMicroseconds(150);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
    // finally, set to 4-bit interface
 | 
				
			||||
    write4bits(0x02); 
 | 
				
			||||
  } else {
 | 
				
			||||
    // this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
 | 
				
			||||
    // page 45 figure 23
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
    // Send function set command sequence
 | 
				
			||||
    command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
 | 
				
			||||
    delayMicroseconds(4500);  // wait more than 4.1ms
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
    // second try
 | 
				
			||||
    command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
 | 
				
			||||
    delayMicroseconds(150);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
    // third go
 | 
				
			||||
    command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // finally, set # lines, font size, etc.
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);  
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;  
 | 
				
			||||
  display();
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // clear it off
 | 
				
			||||
  clear();
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // Initialize to default text direction (for romance languages)
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
 | 
				
			||||
  // set the entry mode
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::setRowOffsets(int row0, int row1, int row2, int row3)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
	_row_offsets[0] = row0;
 | 
				
			||||
	_row_offsets[1] = row1;
 | 
				
			||||
	_row_offsets[2] = row2;
 | 
				
			||||
	_row_offsets[3] = row3;
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
/********** high level commands, for the user! */
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::clear()
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY);  // clear display, set cursor position to zero
 | 
				
			||||
  delayMicroseconds(2000);  // this command takes a long time!
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::home()
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_RETURNHOME);  // set cursor position to zero
 | 
				
			||||
  delayMicroseconds(2000);  // this command takes a long time!
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row)
 | 
				
			||||
{
 | 
				
			||||
  const size_t max_lines = sizeof(_row_offsets) / sizeof(*_row_offsets);
 | 
				
			||||
  if ( row >= max_lines ) {
 | 
				
			||||
    row = max_lines - 1;    // we count rows starting w/0
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  if ( row >= _numlines ) {
 | 
				
			||||
    row = _numlines - 1;    // we count rows starting w/0
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + _row_offsets[row]));
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::noDisplay() {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::display() {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// Turns the underline cursor on/off
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::noCursor() {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::cursor() {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// Turn on and off the blinking cursor
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::noBlink() {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::blink() {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayRight(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// This is for text that flows Left to Right
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::leftToRight(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// This is for text that flows Right to Left
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::rightToLeft(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::autoscroll(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::noAutoscroll(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  _displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations
 | 
				
			||||
// with custom characters
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
 | 
				
			||||
  location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7
 | 
				
			||||
  command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    write(charmap[i]);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
inline void LiquidCrystal::command(uint8_t value) {
 | 
				
			||||
  send(value, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
inline size_t LiquidCrystal::write(uint8_t value) {
 | 
				
			||||
  send(value, HIGH);
 | 
				
			||||
  return 1; // assume sucess
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// write either command or data, with automatic 4/8-bit selection
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {
 | 
				
			||||
  digitalWrite(_rs_pin, mode);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  // if there is a RW pin indicated, set it low to Write
 | 
				
			||||
  if (_rw_pin != 255) { 
 | 
				
			||||
    digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  if (_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE) {
 | 
				
			||||
    write8bits(value); 
 | 
				
			||||
  } else {
 | 
				
			||||
    write4bits(value>>4);
 | 
				
			||||
    write4bits(value);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::pulseEnable(void) {
 | 
				
			||||
  digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
  delayMicroseconds(1);    
 | 
				
			||||
  digitalWrite(_enable_pin, HIGH);
 | 
				
			||||
  delayMicroseconds(1);    // enable pulse must be >450ns
 | 
				
			||||
  digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
 | 
				
			||||
  delayMicroseconds(100);   // commands need > 37us to settle
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
 | 
				
			||||
    digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  pulseEnable();
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
void LiquidCrystal::write8bits(uint8_t value) {
 | 
				
			||||
  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 | 
				
			||||
    pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
 | 
				
			||||
    digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
 | 
				
			||||
  }
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  pulseEnable();
 | 
				
			||||
}
 | 
				
			||||
@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
 | 
				
			||||
#ifndef LiquidCrystal_h
 | 
				
			||||
#define LiquidCrystal_h
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
#include <inttypes.h>
 | 
				
			||||
#include "Print.h"
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// commands
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_CLEARDISPLAY 0x01
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_RETURNHOME 0x02
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_ENTRYMODESET 0x04
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL 0x08
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_CURSORSHIFT 0x10
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_FUNCTIONSET 0x20
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_SETCGRAMADDR 0x40
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_SETDDRAMADDR 0x80
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// flags for display entry mode
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_ENTRYRIGHT 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_ENTRYLEFT 0x02
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT 0x01
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// flags for display on/off control
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_DISPLAYON 0x04
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_DISPLAYOFF 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_CURSORON 0x02
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_CURSOROFF 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_BLINKON 0x01
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_BLINKOFF 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// flags for display/cursor shift
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_DISPLAYMOVE 0x08
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_CURSORMOVE 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_MOVERIGHT 0x04
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_MOVELEFT 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
// flags for function set
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_8BITMODE 0x10
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_4BITMODE 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_2LINE 0x08
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_1LINE 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_5x10DOTS 0x04
 | 
				
			||||
#define LCD_5x8DOTS 0x00
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
class LiquidCrystal : public Print {
 | 
				
			||||
public:
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
 | 
				
			||||
		uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7);
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
 | 
				
			||||
		uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7);
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3);
 | 
				
			||||
  LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  void init(uint8_t fourbitmode, uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
 | 
				
			||||
	    uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
 | 
				
			||||
	    uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7);
 | 
				
			||||
    
 | 
				
			||||
  void begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows, uint8_t charsize = LCD_5x8DOTS);
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  void clear();
 | 
				
			||||
  void home();
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  void noDisplay();
 | 
				
			||||
  void display();
 | 
				
			||||
  void noBlink();
 | 
				
			||||
  void blink();
 | 
				
			||||
  void noCursor();
 | 
				
			||||
  void cursor();
 | 
				
			||||
  void scrollDisplayLeft();
 | 
				
			||||
  void scrollDisplayRight();
 | 
				
			||||
  void leftToRight();
 | 
				
			||||
  void rightToLeft();
 | 
				
			||||
  void autoscroll();
 | 
				
			||||
  void noAutoscroll();
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  void setRowOffsets(int row1, int row2, int row3, int row4);
 | 
				
			||||
  void createChar(uint8_t, uint8_t[]);
 | 
				
			||||
  void setCursor(uint8_t, uint8_t); 
 | 
				
			||||
  virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
 | 
				
			||||
  void command(uint8_t);
 | 
				
			||||
  
 | 
				
			||||
  using Print::write;
 | 
				
			||||
private:
 | 
				
			||||
  void send(uint8_t, uint8_t);
 | 
				
			||||
  void write4bits(uint8_t);
 | 
				
			||||
  void write8bits(uint8_t);
 | 
				
			||||
  void pulseEnable();
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _rs_pin; // LOW: command.  HIGH: character.
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _rw_pin; // LOW: write to LCD.  HIGH: read from LCD.
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _enable_pin; // activated by a HIGH pulse.
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _data_pins[8];
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _displayfunction;
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _displaycontrol;
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _displaymode;
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _initialized;
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _numlines;
 | 
				
			||||
  uint8_t _row_offsets[4];
 | 
				
			||||
};
 | 
				
			||||
 | 
				
			||||
#endif
 | 
				
			||||
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		Reference in new issue