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# Frequently Asked Questions
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## What is QMK?
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[QMK](https://github.com/qmk), short for Quantum Mechanical Keyboard, is a group of people building tools for custom keyboards. We started with the [QMK firmware](https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware), a heavily modified fork of [TMK](https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard).
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## What Differences Are There Between QMK and TMK?
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TMK was originally designed and implemented by [Jun Wako](https://github.com/tmk). QMK started as [Jack Humbert's](https://github.com/jackhumbert) fork of TMK for the Planck. After a while Jack's fork had diverged quite a bit from TMK, and in 2015 Jack decided to rename his fork to QMK.
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From a technical standpoint QMK builds upon TMK by adding several new features. Most notably QMK has expanded the number of available keycodes and uses these to implement advanced features like `S()`, `LCTL()`, and `MO()`. You can see a complete list of these keycodes in [Quantum Keycodes](quantum_keycodes.html).
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From a project and community management standpoint TMK prefers to have keyboards maintained in separate forks while QMK prefers to have keyboards maintained in one central repository.
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# Debug Console
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## hid_listen can't recognize device
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When debug console of your device is not ready you will see like this:
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```
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Waiting for device:.........
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```
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once the device is pluged in then *hid_listen* finds it you will get this message:
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```
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Waiting for new device:.........................
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Listening:
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```
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If you can't get this 'Listening:' message try building with `CONSOLE_ENABLE=yes` in [Makefile]
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You may need privilege to access the device on OS like Linux.
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- try `sudo hid_listen`
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## Can't get message on console
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Check:
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- *hid_listen* finds your device. See above.
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- Enable debug with pressing **Magic**+d. See [Magic Commands](https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard#magic-commands).
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- set `debug_enable=true` usually in `matrix_init()` in **matrix.c**.
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- try using 'print' function instead of debug print. See **common/print.h**.
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- disconnect other devices with console function. See [Issue #97](https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/97).
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## Linux or UNIX like system requires Super User privilege
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Just use 'sudo' to execute *hid_listen* with privilege.
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```
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$ sudo hid_listen
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```
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Or add an *udev rule* for TMK devices with placing a file in rules directory. The directory may vary on each system.
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File: /etc/udev/rules.d/52-tmk-keyboard.rules(in case of Ubuntu)
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```
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# tmk keyboard products https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard
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SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="feed", MODE:="0666"
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```
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***
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# Miscellaneous
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## NKRO Doesn't work
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First you have to compile frimware with this build option `NKRO_ENABLE` in **Makefile**.
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Try `Magic` **N** command(`LShift+RShift+N` by default) when **NKRO** still doesn't work. You can use this command to toggle between **NKRO** and **6KRO** mode temporarily. In some situations **NKRO** doesn't work you need to switch to **6KRO** mode, in particular when you are in BIOS.
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If your firmeare built with `BOOTMAGIC_ENABLE` you need to turn its switch on by `BootMagic` **N** command(`Space+N` by default). This setting is stored in EEPROM and keeped over power cycles.
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https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard#boot-magic-configuration---virtual-dip-switch
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## TrackPoint needs reset circuit(PS/2 mouse support)
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Without reset circuit you will have inconsistent reuslt due to improper initialize of the hardware. See circuit schematic of TPM754.
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- http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=50176.msg1127447#msg1127447
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- http://www.mikrocontroller.net/attachment/52583/tpm754.pdf
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## Can't read column of matrix beyond 16
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Use `1UL<<16` instead of `1<<16` in `read_cols()` in [matrix.h] when your columns goes beyond 16.
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In C `1` means one of [int] type which is [16bit] in case of AVR so you can't shift left more than 15. You will get unexpected zero when you say `1<<16`. You have to use [unsigned long] type with `1UL`.
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http://deskthority.net/workshop-f7/rebuilding-and-redesigning-a-classic-thinkpad-keyboard-t6181-60.html#p146279
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## Bootloader jump doesn't work
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Properly configure bootloader size in **Makefile**. With wrong section size bootloader won't probably start with **Magic command** and **Boot Magic**.
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```
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# Size of Bootloaders in bytes:
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# Atmel DFU loader(ATmega32U4) 4096
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# Atmel DFU loader(AT90USB128) 8192
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# LUFA bootloader(ATmega32U4) 4096
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# Arduino Caterina(ATmega32U4) 4096
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# USBaspLoader(ATmega***) 2048
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# Teensy halfKay(ATmega32U4) 512
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# Teensy++ halfKay(AT90USB128) 2048
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OPT_DEFS += -DBOOTLOADER_SIZE=4096
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```
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AVR Boot section size are defined by setting **BOOTSZ** fuse in fact. Consult with your MCU datasheet.
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Note that **Word**(2 bytes) size and address are used in datasheet while TMK uses **Byte**.
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AVR Boot section is located at end of Flash memory like the followings.
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```
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byte Atmel/LUFA(ATMega32u4) byte Atmel(AT90SUB1286)
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0x0000 +---------------+ 0x00000 +---------------+
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| Application | | Application |
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= = = =
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| | 32KB-4KB | | 128KB-8KB
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0x6000 +---------------+ 0x1E000 +---------------+
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| Bootloader | 4KB | Bootloader | 8KB
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0x7FFF +---------------+ 0x1FFFF +---------------+
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byte Teensy(ATMega32u4) byte Teensy++(AT90SUB1286)
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0x0000 +---------------+ 0x00000 +---------------+
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| Application | | Application |
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= = = =
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| | 32KB-512B | | 128KB-2KB
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0x7E00 +---------------+ 0x1FC00 +---------------+
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| Bootloader | 512B | Bootloader | 2KB
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0x7FFF +---------------+ 0x1FFFF +---------------+
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```
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And see this discussion for further reference.
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https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/179
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## Special Extra key doesn't work(System, Audio control keys)
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You need to define `EXTRAKEY_ENABLE` in `rules.mk` to use them in QMK.
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```
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EXTRAKEY_ENABLE = yes # Audio control and System control
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```
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## Wakeup from sleep doesn't work
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In Windows check `Allow this device to wake the computer` setting in Power **Management property** tab of **Device Manager**. Also check BIOS setting.
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Pressing any key during sleep should wake host.
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## Using Arduino?
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**Note that Arduino pin naming is different from actual chip.** For example, Arduino pin `D0` is not `PD0`. Check circuit with its schematics yourself.
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- http://arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/arduino-leonardo-schematic_3b.pdf
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- http://arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/arduino-micro-schematic.pdf
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Arduino leonardo and micro have **ATMega32U4** and can be used for TMK, though Arduino bootloader may be a problem.
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## Using PF4-7 pins of USB AVR?
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You need to set JTD bit of MCUCR yourself to use PF4-7 as GPIO. Those pins are configured to serve JTAG function by default. MCUs like ATMega*U* or AT90USB* are affeteced with this.
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If you are using Teensy this isn't needed. Teensy is shipped with JTAGEN fuse bit unprogrammed to disable the function.
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See this code.
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```
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// JTAG disable for PORT F. write JTD bit twice within four cycles.
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MCUCR |= (1<<JTD);
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MCUCR |= (1<<JTD);
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```
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https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/blob/master/keyboard/hbkb/matrix.c#L67
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And read **26.5.1 MCU Control Register – MCUCR** of ATMega32U4 datasheet.
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## Adding LED indicators of Lock keys
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You need your own LED indicators for CapsLock, ScrollLock and NumLock? See this post.
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http://deskthority.net/workshop-f7/tmk-keyboard-firmware-collection-t4478-120.html#p191560
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## Program Arduino Micro/Leonardo
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Push reset button and then run command like this within 8 seconds.
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```
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avrdude -patmega32u4 -cavr109 -b57600 -Uflash:w:adb_usb.hex -P/dev/ttyACM0
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```
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Device name will vary depending on your system.
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http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMicro
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https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=14290.msg1563867#msg1563867
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## USB 3 compatibility
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I heard some people have a problem with USB 3 port, try USB 2 port.
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## Mac compatibility
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### OS X 10.11 and Hub
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https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=14290.msg1884034#msg1884034
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## Problem on BIOS(UEFI)/Resume(Sleep&Wake)/Power cycles
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Some people reported their keyboard stops working on BIOS and/or after resume(power cycles).
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As of now root of its cause is not clear but some build options seem to be related. In Makefile try to disable those options like `CONSOLE_ENABLE`, `NKRO_ENABLE`, `SLEEP_LED_ENABLE` and/or others.
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https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/266
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https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=41989.msg1967778#msg1967778
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## FLIP doesn't work
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### AtLibUsbDfu.dll not found
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Remove current driver and reinstall one FLIP provides from DeviceManager.
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http://imgur.com/a/bnwzy
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