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+# Prototype PCBA Manufacturing
+This documents free software and open source hardware manufacturing
+of PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies).
+
+Focus is particularly on tools that can be used with hackerspace-
+level technology.
+
+# Software
+Various Free Software (as defined by FSF) applications available
+for the creation of PCBAs.
+
+## Debian
+The below packages are in Debian Buster. Note, even though it is in
+Debian, you may want to build some of these packages from scratch
+since the version in Debian is old. Debian `backports` maintains
+an up to date KiCAD.
+
+The following are in use in the current production toolchain:
+
+* `freecad` --- Visualization of PCBAs and more. 3D CAD application.
+
+* `inkscape` --- vector-based drawing program.
+
+* `kicad` --- Electronic schematic and PCB design software.
+
+The following are NOT in use:
+
+* `electronics-pcb` --- Debian packages for PCB development (meta package).
+
+* `fritzing` --- Easy-to-use electronic design software.
+
+* `geda` --- GPL EDA -- Electronics design software.
+
+* `gerbv` --- Gerber file viewer.
+
+* `lepton-eda` --- Lepton Electronic Design Automation.
+
+* `pcb` --- printed circuit board (pcb) design program.
+
+* `pcb2gcode` --- command-line tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs.
+
+* `pcb-rnd` - Modular Printed Circuit Board layout tool.
+
+* `visolate` - tool for engraving PCBs using CNCs.
+
+## Electronic Design Automation (EDA)
+To design PCBs, KiCAD is used.
+Export Gerber files for manufacturing.
+
+# PCB Manufacturing.
+You can make your own PCB or have them made by numerous suppliers.
+Recommended suppliers (amongst many):
+
+* OSHPark --- Strong FLO supporters, high quality, quick turn, USA.
+
+* DirtyPCBs --- Lowest possible cost out of Shenzhen, China.
+
+* ProtoExpress -- Quick turn, high quality, high cost, USA.
+
+* Many others that also support KiCAD!
+
+
+## Board Types and Features
+FR1, FR4, etc.
+
+## Copper Layer
+Cu later.
+
+## Soldermask
+Green...
+
+## Silkscreen
+White...
+
+## Standards & QC
+cf. NASA Standards.
+
+# Assembly
+You can have a board assembled by a house such as ProtoExpress,
+or you can assemble it yourself. There is an endless variety of
+DIY approaches to this. This you have the PCB finished. You need to:
+
+* Source components.
+
+* Place components.
+
+* Solder Components.
+
+## Placement
+The many ways to place a part...
+
+* Fingers.
+
+* Tweezers.
+
+* Vacuum.
+
+* Pick and Place.
+
+What method is used depends on the type and size of the part
+and what equipment is available. We'll be working with SMT,
+BGA, and through hole parts.
+
+## Solder Paste
+To solder SMT parts to 
+
+## Solder Wire
+
+## Heat
+You need to melt that solder...
+
+* Solder Iron.
+
+* Skillet.
+
+* Oven.
+
+* Hot air pencil.
+
+* Hot air bath.
+
+# PCBA Testing
+Pins.
+
+# Equipment
+
+## LASER
+LASERS can serve a few purposes in manufacturing PCBAs.
+Inexpensive LASER cutters are available at many hackerspaces.
+Inexpensive LASERs can be retrofit to RepRap 3D printers.
+
+* Cut solder paste stencils.
+
+* Etch paint, which is then chemically etched.
+
+* Board marking, such as serialization.
+
+## CNC
+Large CNCs are overkill for PCBA assembly.
+Very small CNCs can be used.
+CNCs are available at many hackerspaces.
+CNCs can be used to:
+
+* Engrave PCB.
+
+* Drill PCB holes.
+
+
+## 3D Printer
+RepRap 3D printers are available at many hackerspaces.
+3D printers can be used to:
+
+* Make CNC fixtures.
+
+* Make board holding fixtures.
+
+* Make other tools, etc.
+
+## Solder Station
+Solder station tools:
+
+* Soldering iron.
+
+* Hot air pencil.
+
+* Hot air bath.
+
+* Fume extrator.
+
+* PCB holder.
+
+* Lights.
+
+* Magnification.
+
+* Solder paste dispenser.
+
+* Vacuum pencil.
+
+* Oven.
+
+* Heat plate.