fs-ulx3s/README.md

# ULX3S PCB

This is work-in-progress place for putting
some wishes of a small (94x51 mm) FPGA board.

ULX3S = University digital logic Learning eXtensible
board release 3 with SDRAM, Successor of
[ULX2S](http://github.com/emard/ulx2s).

    kicad ulx3s.pro

[Schematics](/doc/schematics.pdf) is mostly complete.
[PCB v1.7 is produced](/pic/ulx3st-real.jpg)
and big things work like USB-JTAG, 
SDRAM, SDCARD, HDMI, FLASH, RTC, I2C, OLED, AUDIO, ADC
but there are issues, luckily most can be fixed by
[Upgrading PCB v1.7](/doc/pcb-v1.7-upgrade.md).
USB2 and 433.92MHz antenna are currently untested.

3D preview

![TOP](/pic/ulx3st.jpg)
![BOTTOM](/pic/ulx3sb.jpg)

[Manual](/doc/MANUAL.md).

# Features

FPGA: Lattice ECP5 LFE5U-45F-6BG381C

USB: FTDI FT231XS (300kbit JTAG and 3Mbit USB-serial)

GPIO: 56 pins (28 differential pairs), PMOD-friendly

RAM: 32MB SDRAM MT48LC16M16

Flash: 4MB SPI Flash IS25LP032D for FPGA config

Storage: Micro-SD slot

LEDs: 11 (8 blink-LEDs, 2 USB LEDs, 1 WiFi LED)

Buttons: 7 (4 direction, 2 fire, 1 power button)

Audio: 3.5 mm jack with 4 contacts (analog stereo + digital audio or composite video)

Video: GPDI connector with 3.3V-5V I2C bidirectional level shifter

Display: placeholder for 0.96" SPI COLOR OLED

WiFi+bluetooth: placeholder for ESP-32 (Standalone JTAG web interface over WiFi)

ADC: 8 channels, 8 bit, 1 MSa/s MAX11123

Power: 3 Switching voltage regulators: 1.1V, 2.5V, 3.3V

Clock: 25 MHz onboard, external differential clock input

Low power sleep: RTC clock wakeup, power button, 32768 Hz quartz and battery


GPDI is General Purpose Differential Interface,
Electrically LVDS, mostly TMDS tolerant
female receptacle more-or-less compatible
with digital monitors/TVs


# Todo

Test the prototype.

    [x] Silkscreen Double outline for BGA chip
    [x] Silkscreen do not write over the solder pads
    [ ] Silkscreen BGA names on ESP32 placeholder and 2.54 mm headers
    [x] Silkscreen JTAG signal names on 6-pin 2.54 mm header
    [x] Silkscreen remove OLED outline
    [x] Solder stop mask must go inbetween all SMD chip pads
    [x] External differential clock input at J1_33 +/-
    [x] physically sprinkle VCC blocator capacitors under BGA
    [ ] Values on silkscreen
    [x] Dedicated antenna pin
    [x] onboard 433 antenna
    [x] 433 remove GND and silkscreen test point
    [x] Resistors for LEDs
    [x] Move USB LEDs from bottom to top side
    [x] Improve SDRAM routing - use VIAs for closest pins
    [x] Increase thickness of power lines (5V, 3.3V, 2.5V)
    [x] Compile a f32c bitstream using the schematics
    [x] Compile differential GPDI output
    [x] Connect more lines from ESP-32 to FPGA
    [x] Connect FPGA USB D+/D- with 1.5k pullup in USB 1.1 (full speed) mode
    [x] FPGA USB add 27 ohm + 3.6 V zener
    [x] Symmetrically place USB connectors left-right 
    [ ] Jumpers to switch 2.5V/3.3V for left IO banks
    [x] External JTAG header
    [x] Move JTAG 2 mm left
    [x] Move WiFi Disable jumper closer to the BTN1 (angled header)
    [x] Sprinkle 2.2uF capacitors on power lines
    [x] Spice simulation of power-up/shutdown network
    [x] 27ohm D+/D- to FT231XS
    [x] DIP switch (4 switches)
    [x] MAX11123 ADC SPI
    [x] I2C for RTC
    [x] main usb connector on top side 
    [x] space screw to other parts
    [x] move battery away from screw hole
    [x] top layer GND fill
    [x] R25 move away from oled screw hole
    [ ] board cut off notches inisde for space saving
    [x] DIP switch to the right near RAM
    [x] Move HDMI a bit closer to OLED
    [x] 32768Hz oscillator footprint
    [x] SD card footprint SCHD3A0100
    [x] center the SD footprint for T&R
    [x] SD connect GND (thin pins)
    [x] move USB 0.5-1mm more out
    [x] DIP SW footprint correct
    [x] AUDIO jack footprint fits
    [x] AUDIO jack pin 4 (ring2) connected to 4-bit DAC
    [x] BTN footprint too small
    [x] SMPS jumpers default OFF for prototype testing
    [x] FPGA DONE to ESP-32
    [x] Diodes manual soldering
    [x] R56: FT231X rev A,B,C TXDEN to GND
        workaround from TN140_FT231X Errata
    [x] PCB for LFE5UM ready (some GND will change to
        VCC for Serdes power supply, see LFE5U->LFE5UM
        migration docs)
    [x] Check GND/VCC for 45 and 85 packages,
        for example pin T11 is NC on 25U, GND on 85U and VCC ond 85UM
    [x] Reconnect WIFI_OFF so that jumper has priority
    [x] 25MHz oscillator: needs clearance from LEDs, move under USB1
    [x] connect SHUTDOWN to FPGA
    [ ] ESP-32: GPIO12 at boot selects internal flash voltage,
        it is connected to J1_27+ and wrong pullup/pulldown at boot
        will prevent ESP32 from booting
    [x] ESP-32: won't boot when SD connected. Don't solder it at PCB v1.7
        it should be routed differently in newer release
        Here is a possible SD card connection
        Arduino->Examples->ESP32->SD_MMC_Test
        https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/examples/storage/sd_card/README.md
        move blue LED from GPIO2 to GPIO17
    [ ] SD card pullup pulldowns (do we need them if FPGA can pullup/pulldown)
    [x] I2C resistors increased 470->2.2k
    [ ] GPDI series C=100nF to each differential line.
    [x] reliable shutdown (D11=RED LED, R4=4.7k)
    [x] SDRAM raster back to 0.8 mm
    [x] connect SPI Flash Quad Mode (QSPI)
    [x] allow powering the board without powering FTDI chip
    [ ] reverse D9 at US2 to draw power from usb instead of provide it
    [x] micro USB extended pads for Handsoldering (already were extended)
    [x] move 25MHz oscillator away from USB connector for handsoldering
    [x] schematics gpio J..+- pins renamed to gp/gn for easier readability
    [ ] Make BOM outputtable from PCB->Files->Fabrication Outputs->BOM file
    [ ] route 16-channel ADC
    [x] move 8 LEDs a bit down and right
    [x] let SD_CLK go to FPGA clock capable pin: swap SD_CLK and SD_D2 pins